R101       *ROBOT PERIMETER must be fixed. The ROBOT (excluding BUMPERS) must have a ROBOT PERIMETER, contained within the BUMPER ZONE and established while in the ROBOT’S STARTING CONFIGURATION, that is comprised of fixed, non-articulated structural elements of the ROBOT. Minor protrusions no greater than ¼ in. (~6 mm) such as bolt heads, fastener ends, weld beads, and rivets are not considered part of the ROBOT PERIMETER.

R405       *BUMPERS interact with BUMPERS. All BUMPERS must have padding (per R402-A) supported by backing (per R402-B) entirely filling the BUMPER ZONE, a space between 2 ½ in. (~63 mm) and 5 ¾ in. (~146 mm) from the floor.

R102       *STARTING CONFIGURATION – no overhang. In the STARTING CONFIGURATION (the physical configuration in which a ROBOT starts a MATCH), no part of the ROBOT shall extend outside the vertical projection of the ROBOT PERIMETER, with the exception of its BUMPERS and minor protrusions such as bolt heads, fastener ends, rivets, cable ties, etc.

G415       Expansion limits. A ROBOT may not extend more than 1 ft. 6 in. (~45 cm) beyond the vertical projection of its ROBOT PERIMETER.