R402      *BUMPERS must stay low. BUMPERS must be located entirely within the BUMPER ZONE, which is the volume contained between the floor and a virtual horizontal plane 7½ in. (~19 cm) above the floor in reference to the ROBOT standing normally on a flat floor. BUMPERS do not have to be parallel to the floor.

R404      *BUMPERS must come off. BUMPERS must be designed for quick and easy installation and removal to facilitate inspection and weighing.

R407      *BUMPER weight limit. Each set of BUMPERS (including any fasteners and/or structures that attach them to the ROBOT) must weigh no more than 15 lbs. (~6 kg).

R401      *BUMPERS all around. ROBOTS are required to use BUMPERS to protect the entire FRAME PERIMETER. Gaps of less than ½ in. between adjacent segments are permitted as long as all corners are filled per R409.