R411       *BUMPERS indicate your ALLIANCE. Each ROBOT must be able to display red or blue BUMPER covers to reflect their ALLIANCE color, as assigned in the MATCH schedule distributed at the event (as described in section 10.1 MATCH Schedules). Contrasting markings on outward, upward, or downward facing surfaces of the BUMPER cover, other than the following, are prohibited:

R402       *BUMPER construction. BUMPERS must consist of the following:

R405       *BUMPERS interact with BUMPERS. All BUMPERS must have padding (per R402-A) supported by backing (per R402-B) entirely filling the BUMPER ZONE, a space between 2 ½ in. (~63 mm) and 5 ¾ in. (~146 mm) from the floor.

R401       *BUMPERS all around. ROBOTS are required to use BUMPERS to protect the entire ROBOT PERIMETER. Gaps of less than 1 ¼ in. (~31 mm) between adjacent segments are permitted as long as all corners are filled per R406.