R411       *BUMPERS indicate your ALLIANCE. Each ROBOT must be able to display red or blue BUMPER covers to reflect their ALLIANCE color, as assigned in the MATCH schedule distributed at the event (as described in section 10.1 MATCH Schedules). Contrasting markings on outward, upward, or downward facing surfaces of the BUMPER cover, other than the following, are prohibited:

R401       *BUMPERS almost all around. ROBOTS are required to use BUMPERS to protect the entire ROBOT PERIMETER. Gaps of less than 1.25in (3.17cm) between adjacent segments are permitted as long as all corners are filled per R406. A single gap larger than 1.25in (3.17cm) is permitted, as long as at least 5.0in (12.7cm) of ROBOT PERIMETER on each side of each corner is protected by BUMPER.

R405       *BUMPERS interact with BUMPERS. While navigating the FIELD normally, all BUMPERS must have padding (per R402-A) supported by backing (per R402-B) entirely filling the BUMPER ZONE, a space between 2.5in (6.35cm) and 5.75in (14.61cm) from the floor.

R409       *BUMPERS should be passive. BUMPERS must be fixed relative to the ROBOT PERIMETER. BUMPERS may not contain any elements which move during the MATCH or electrical elements.