R412       *Team number on BUMPERS. Team numbers must be displayed and positioned on the BUMPER cover in at least 3 locations approximately 90 degrees apart such that an observer walking around the perimeter of the ROBOT can unambiguously tell the team’s number from most points of view, from as far as approximately 720.0in (18.29m). Team numbers must meet the following additional criteria:

R401       *BUMPERS almost all around. ROBOTS are required to use BUMPERS to protect the entire ROBOT PERIMETER. Gaps of less than 1.25in (3.17cm) between adjacent segments are permitted as long as all corners are filled per R406. A single gap larger than 1.25in (3.17cm) is permitted, as long as at least 5.0in (12.7cm) of ROBOT PERIMETER on each side of each corner is protected by BUMPER.

R409       *BUMPERS should be passive. BUMPERS must be fixed relative to the ROBOT PERIMETER. BUMPERS may not contain any elements which move during the MATCH or electrical elements.

R405       *BUMPERS interact with BUMPERS. While navigating the FIELD normally, all BUMPERS must have padding (per R402-A) supported by backing (per R402-B) entirely filling the BUMPER ZONE, a space between 2.5in (6.35cm) and 5.75in (14.61cm) from the floor.